Question 1: Independent Personality Under Neuroethics

China has five thousand years of continuous history and culture, breeding a unique Chinese characteristics, which embodies "the power of the masses". The Chinese idiom "two persons makes a pair, many people constitute public" emphasizes the collective power. Under this guidance, in order to achieve common goals, personal value may be suppressed, and even personal personality may be ignored in extreme cases. It also partly explains why personal privacy and something personal have always been underestimated. Therefore, we need to pay attention to the above problems in the future.

Question 2: Organ Donation

The development of Brain Project is inseparable from “brain”, which comes from the donation of normal person and patients. Affected by the thought of "our body, skin and hair, which are bestowed from our parents, should never be damaged", organ donation has always been a difficult problem. Though the Red Cross Society of China and the national hygiene departments have been promoting donation on a large scale since 2010, it proved of little avail. According to the statistics of the Red Cross Society in 2016, there are only 80,000 registered organ donors in China (http://www.cotdf.org), which is far lower than in other countries (as of 2016, there are 130 million registrants in the United States ). However, in the future, China will have new measures to encourage organ donation, which is worth expecting.

Question 3: Stigmatization Of Psychoses

One of the goals of Brain Project is to develop early screening of psychoses. However, due to the stigmatization, the population in early screening will passively labeled as potential "be discriminated". For example, in 2018, 15 autistic families in Shenzhen wanted to find shelter in public rental housing, but the owners put up banners for protest.

Solution 1: Ensure Compliance With International Ethical Standards For Neuroscience Research

In order to avoid inhumane research, to ensure the safety and effectiveness and to prevent adverse research consequences and impacts, we must abide by ethical standards. However, at present, there is a lack of special ethical standards concerning human nervous system and artificial intelligence-related neuroscience research in China. It will be beneficial for us to improve our moral system, give more respect for personal privacy and personality by abiding by international ethical standards, learning from the advanced experience of other countries, increasing exchanges in ethical fields and intensifying ethical supervision. In addition, some specific operable procedures and methods are also put forward in the article.

Solution 2: Strengthening Public Education And Training

Establishing a simple and quick registration platform and optimizing the donation process will help organ donation. In addition, more inclusive thinking of the younger generation will also promote organ donation. The popularization of mental health knowledge and the expansion of multimedia publicity channels will help to raise public awareness and solve the problem of "stigmatization of mental diseases".

As is mentioned earlier, it may be very difficult to build brain bank in China because of the conflict between traditional filial piety culture and organ donation. The public activities to promote organ donation started in 2010 were very limited before 2016. However, the turning point occurred in December 2016 when China's Organ Transplant Development Foundation (COTDF) began working with Alipay to provide direct organ donation registration services. Luckily, the first day of opening was a huge success: more than 3,000 new organ donors were registered within 12 hours.

Source：http://www.sixthtone.com/news/1729/alipay-organ-donation-just-few-taps-away

Therefore, the fast and simple registration of Alipay reduces the threshold of potential donors. Before that, donors had to answer more than 20 questions for successful registration. Huang Jiefu, head of COTDF, said he is afraid that every additional problem would drive away 1 million potential donors. As of the end of 2017, the number of registered donors exceeded 350,000, of which 280, 000 get registered through Love＆Hope. In addition, we also note the powerful capacity of Wechat promotion for the easiness of 100,000 + post.

Prospects

China's unique history and culture has brought special attention to the development of brain science in this country. Therefore, in the future, we need to show more respect for personal privacy and some individualized Independents, abandon the idea of "our body, skin and hair, which are bestowed from our parents, should never be damaged" in traditional filial piety culture. We should also respect those special psychiatric patients instead of  discriminating them as great scourges. 

Due to the lack of neuroethics-related professional knowledge in China, it is indispensable to learn from the international community. Last year, an International Symposium On Neuroscience Innovation was held in Shanghai, on which experts from the government, academia, industry and private foundations exchanged views on moral and legal issues. In the future, we will also take an active part in the international dialogue on neuroethics.